LEED-Green-Associate Exam Dumps - LEED Green Associate GAFRE Exam (LEED GA)

A charrette is a strategy that can help build consensus for a project’s sustainability goals. A charrette is an intensive, collaborative, and creative workshop that brings together the project team and other stakeholders to define the project goals, scope, and strategies. A charrette can help to establish a common vision, identify synergies, and prioritize actions for a green building project. A charrette can also foster communication, trust, and buy-in among the participants13. References: LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide3

Using materials with a high recycled content is a strategy to reduce construction waste. Recycled content materials are made from pre-consumer or post-consumer waste that has been diverted from landfills or incinerators and reprocessed into new materials. Using recycled content materials reduces the demand for virgin materials, saves energy and resources, and prevents waste generation. The other options are not strategies to reduce construction waste. Performing a waste stream audit is a strategy to measure and analyze the types and quantities of waste generated by a building or project. Developing a construction waste management policy is a strategy to establish goals and procedures for diverting construction waste from landfills or incinerators. Hiring a consultant to sort construction waste off site is a strategy to outsource the responsibility of separating recyclable or reusable materials from construction waste, but it does not necessarily reduce the amount of waste generated. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, page 26; USGBC, [Materials and Resources], page 2.

Minimum acoustic performance is a prerequisite requirement that applies to LEED for Schools projects. The prerequisite aims to provide classrooms that facilitate better teacher-to-student and student-to-student communication through effective acoustic design. The prerequisite requires projects to meet the sound transmission class (STC) ratings for walls, floors, ceilings, doors, and windows; the background noise levels from HVAC systems; and the reverberation time for core learning spaces. By meeting the minimum acoustic performance, projects can improve the indoor environmental quality, enhance the learning outcomes, and reduce the health and stress impacts of noise. References: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p. 545 1; [Acoustical Society of America website]

One type of construction pollution that can be reduced by prevention activities is airborne dust generation. Airborne dust can be generated by various construction activities, such as excavation, demolition, grading, hauling, and vehicle traffic. Airborne dust can have negative impacts on the air quality, human health, and climate. Airborne dust can contribute to respiratory problems, allergies, asthma, and eye irritation for workersand nearby residents. Airborne dust can also reduce the visibility, increase the risk of accidents, and damage the equipment and materials. Airborne dust can also affect the climate by absorbing or reflecting solar radiation, altering the cloud formation and precipitation patterns, and influencing the carbon cycle1.

Some of the prevention activities that can reduce airborne dust generation during construction are12:

Covering or wetting the exposed soil and stockpiles

Using water sprays or misters to suppress the dust

Installing wind fences or barriers around the site

Applying mulch, straw, or vegetation to stabilize the soil

Sweeping or vacuuming the paved areas and roads

Limiting the speed and frequency of vehicles

Using low-emission or electric vehicles and equipment

Implementing a dust control plan and monitoring the dust levels

Regional Priority credits are awarded to encourage projects to address local environmental issues that are of particular importance or concern for the region where the project is located. These issues may include water scarcity, air quality, habitat protection, or human health. Regional Priority credits are not new LEED credits, but rather existing credits that have been identified by regional councils or chapters of USGBC as having higher priority or relevance for their areas. Projects can earn up to four bonus points by achieving Regional Priority credits. References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Introduction, page 13; LEED v4 Impact Category and Point Allocation Process Overview1

Integrated Project Planning and Design is a prerequisite for healthcare facilities under LEED v4. The intent is to maximize opportunities for the adoption of cost-effective integrated green design and construction strategies as early as pre-design1.

LEED v4 | HPAC Engineering1

The methodology that is used to evaluate and study the economic performance of a building or system over its entire life is life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA is a technique that assesses the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service throughout its life cycle, from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal or recycling7. LCA can also include an economic dimension by incorporating life cycle costing (LCC), whichestimates the total costs of ownership over the life cycle of a product or system8. By combining LCA and LCC, one can evaluate the environmental and economic performance of a building or system in a holistic way, taking into account both the initial investment costs and the long-term operational costs. This can help identify trade-offs and synergies between environmental and economic objectives, as well as opportunities for improving efficiency and reducing impacts9. References: Life-cycle assessment7; What is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?8; Life Cycle Costing in Construction Projects: A Case Study of a Municipal Building in Portugal9

The conventional building process stages can vary depending on the type, size, and complexity of the project, but a general overview can be found in this article. According to the article, the stages are:

Planning: This is the stage where the project idea is conceived, the feasibility and budget are assessed, the design and engineering are developed, the permits and approvals are obtained, and the contractors and subcontractors are hired. This stage involves various disciplined practitioners on project teams, such as architects, engineers, surveyors, estimators, project managers, and lawyers.

Sitework and foundation: This is the stage where the project site is prepared, the utilities are connected, the excavation and grading are done, and the foundation is laid. This stage involves mainly civil engineers, site workers, foundation contractors, and building inspectors.

Rough framing: This is the stage where the structural components of the building are erected, such as walls, floors, roofs, stairs, and windows. This stage involves mainly carpenters, framers, roofers, and window installers.

Exterior construction: This is the stage where the exterior finishes of the building are applied, such as siding, brickwork, stucco, insulation, doors, and landscaping. This stage involves mainly exterior contractors, painters, landscapers, and door installers.

MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing): This is the stage where the mechanical systems of the building are installed and tested, such as heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), plumbing, electrical wiring, lighting fixtures, fire alarms, and security systems. This stage involves mainly mechanical engineers, electricians, plumbers, HVAC technicians, and fire protection specialists.

Finishes and fixtures: This is the final stage where the interior finishes of the building are applied, such as drywall, flooring, cabinets, countertops, appliances, furniture, and accessories. This stage involves mainly interior designers, drywallers, flooring installers, cabinet makers, countertop installers, appliance installers, and furniture movers.

As you can see from this overview, each disciplined practitioner on project teams is involved in different stages of the conventional buildingprocess, depending on their expertise and role. However, they are also required to collaborate and coordinate with each other throughout the design process, which spans from the planning stage to the finishes and fixtures stage. The design process is an iterative and interactive process that involves creating, reviewing, and refining the design plans and specifications to meet the project goals and requirements1. Therefore, the answer is D. As required during design process.

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