CISM Exam Dumps - Certified Information Security Manager

 = Penetration testing is most appropriate when a new system is about to go live, because it is a method of evaluating the security of a system by simulating an attack from a malicious source. Penetration testing can help to identify and exploit vulnerabilities, assess the impact and risk of a breach, and provide recommendations for remediation and improvement. Penetration testing can also help to validate the effectiveness of the security controls and policies implemented for the new system, and ensure compliance with relevant standards and regulations. Penetration testing is usually performed after the system has undergone other types of testing, such as functional, performance, and usability testing, and before the system is deployed to the production environment. Penetration testing is not as appropriate when a new system is being designed, because the system is still in the early stages of development and may not have all the features and functionalities implemented. Penetration testing at this stage may not provide a realistic or comprehensive assessment of the system’s security, and may cause delays or disruptions in the development process. Penetration testing is also not as appropriate when a security policy is being developed, because the policy is a high-level document that defines the goals, objectives, and principles of information security for the organization. Penetration testing is a technical and operational activity that tests the implementation and enforcement of the policy, not the policy itself. Penetration testing is also not as appropriate when a security incident has occurred, because the incident may have already compromised the system and caused damage or loss. Penetration testing at this stage may not be able to prevent or mitigate the incident, and may interfere with the incident response and recovery efforts. Penetration testing after an incident may be useful for forensic analysis and lessons learned, but it is not the primary or immediate response to an incident. References = CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2021, pages 229-230, 233-234.

 = The information security manager should contact the information owner after the incident has been confirmed, as this is the first step of the incident response process. The information owner is the person who has the authority and responsibility for the information asset that is affected by the incident. The information owner needs to be informed of the incident as soon as possible, as they may have to make decisions or take actions regarding the protection, recovery, or restoration of the information asset. The information owner may also have to communicate with other stakeholders, such as the business units, customers, regulators, or media, depending on the nature and impact of the incident.

The other options are not the correct time to contact the information owner, as they occur later in the incident response process. Contacting the information owner after the incident has been contained, mitigated, or logged may delay the notification and escalation of the incident, as well as the involvement and collaboration of the information owner. Moreover, contacting the information owner after the incident has been contained or mitigated may imply that the incident response team has already taken actions that may affect the information asset without the consent or approval of the information owner. Contacting the information owner after a potential incident has been logged may cause unnecessary alarm or confusion, as the potential incident may not be a real or significant incident, or it may not affect the information owner’s asset. References =

CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, ISACA, 2022, pp. 219-220, 226-227.

CISM Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, ISACA, 2022, QID 1009.

Zero Trust requires granular authentication and authorization at every critical juncture. It assumes no implicit trust within the network and enforces strict access control.

“Zero Trust is based on continuous authentication and authorization at all strategic control points.”

— CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 3: Security Architecture, Section: Zero Trust Principles*

According to the web search results, a cloud access security broker (CASB) is a software solution that stands between the cloud service provider and the cloud service user to enforce security controls. One of the most important benefits of using a CASB when migrating to a cloud environment is enhanced data governance, as it helps to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access, sharing, or loss. A CASB can also provide data classification, encryption, data loss prevention (DLP), and other features that enable organizations to manage and secure their data in the cloud.

References = What Is a Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB)?, A beginner’s guide to cloud access security brokers

Updating details within the risk register is the next step for the information security manager to do after senior management has accepted the risk of noncompliance with a new regulation because it records and communicates the risk status, impact, and response strategy to the relevant stakeholders. Reporting the decision to the compliance officer is not the next step, but rather a possible subsequent step that involves informing and consulting with the compliance officer about the risk acceptance and its implications. Reassessing the organization’s risk tolerance is not the next step, but rather a possible subsequent step that involves reviewing and adjusting the organization’s risk appetite and thresholds based on the risk acceptance and its implications. Assessing the impact of the regulation is not the next step, but rather a previous step that involves analyzing and evaluating the potential consequences and likelihood of noncompliance with the regulation. References: https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2016/volume-6/how-to-measure-the-effectiveness-of-information-security-using-iso-27004 https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2017/volume-3/how-to-measure-the-effectiveness-of-your-information-security-management-system

According to the CISM Review Manual, performing a risk assessment is the most important course of action for an information security manager during the due diligence phase of an acquisition, as it helps to identify and evaluate the potential threats, vulnerabilities and impacts that may affect the information assets of the target organization. A risk assessment also provides the basis for performing a gap analysis, reviewing the information security policies and awareness, and developing a remediation plan.

References = CISM Review Manual, 27th Edition, Chapter 3, Section 3.4.1, page 1411.

The most important consideration when selecting a SaaS vendor for a business process is whether the vendor’s information security certification is issued for the specific scope of the service that the organization needs. A certification that covers the entire vendor organization or a different service may not be relevant or sufficient for the organization’s security requirements. The certification should also include industry-recognized security controls, be issued within a reasonable time frame, and be easily verified, but these are not as critical as the scope.

References = CISM Review Manual, 16th Edition, page 1841; 5 Top SaaS Security Certifications for SaaS Providers