L4M2 Exam Dumps - Defining Business Needs

Explanation

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a method to transform qualitative user demands into quantitative parameters, to deploy the functions forming quality, and to deploy methods for achieving the design quality into subsystems and component parts, and ultimately to specific elements of the manufacturing process.

Kano model of excitement and basic quality (Kano et al, 1984; Berger et al, 1993; Matzler et al, 1996) brings a different perspective for the analysis of improvement opportunities in products and services because it takes in consideration the asymmetrical and non-linear relationship between performance and satisfaction. The Kano model classifies customers requirements in five categories: basic requirements, performance requirements, attractive requirements, indifferent requirements and reverse requirements.

Mendelow’s Matrix is a tool that may be used by an organisation to consider the attitude of their stakeholders at the start of a project or when they are setting out strategic objectives.

The Thomas Kilmann model identifies two dimensions when choosing a course of action in a con-flict situation, these are assertiveness and cooperativeness. Assertiveness is the degree to which you try to satisfy your own needs. Cooperativeness is the degree to which you try to satisfy the other person’s concerns.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (paraphrased from CIPS L4M2 content)

Standardising from many similar products to one common product is a classic variety reduction / standardisation decision.

In CIPS L4M2, when standardisation is discussed, the benefits highlighted include:

Economies of scale – buying larger quantities of a single product allows for better prices and volume discounts.

Reduced administration and handling costs – only one product code to manage, fewer invoices and orders, simpler stock control.

Simplified quality control – one specification and one performance profile to monitor.

Because the product is available from many suppliers, competition remains strong. This supports lower prices, not higher.

Option A (Lower costs) – correct, due to economies of scale and reduced process/handling complexity.

Option B (Fewer staff) – staff numbers are driven by overall workload, not just the number of product variants; standardising doesn’t automatically cut headcount.

Option C (Increased stock levels) – if anything, standardisation often reduces safety stock (you can pool demand into one line).

Option D (Increased costs) – contradicts the expected benefits of standardisation and competition between many suppliers.

Relevant CIPS L4M2 areas:

Standardisation and variety reduction in specifications

Economies of scale and cost drivers in sourcing decisions

Managing supply markets with multiple potential suppliers