ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Exam Dumps - PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 2022 Lead Auditor exam

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 7.2, the organization must ensure that the persons doing work under its control are aware of the information security policy, their contribution to the effectiveness of the ISMS, the implications of not conforming to the ISMS requirements, and the benefits of improved information security performance. The organization must also provide information security awareness education and training to its personnel and relevant interested parties. According to control A.6.3, the organization must ensure that all employees and contractors are made aware of the information security incident management procedures and their expected roles and responsibilities. Therefore, an opportunity for improvement (OFI) can be identified if the information security incident training effectiveness can be improved, as evidenced by the differences in the understanding of the meaning of “weakness, event, and incident” among the staff.

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 9.1, the organization must monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate the information security performance and the effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization must also retain appropriate documented information as evidence of the monitoring and measurement results. According to control A.5.24, the organization must establish and maintain an information security incident management process that includes the following activities:

•reporting information security events and weaknesses;

•assessing and deciding on information security events;

•responding to information security incidents;

•learning from information security incidents;

•collecting evidence and disclosing information.

Therefore, a nonconformity (NC) can be identified if the terminology of the incident management reporting process is unclear, as evidenced by the staff misunderstanding of the meaning of “weakness, event, and incident”. This could lead to inconsistent or inaccurate reporting, assessment, response, learning, and disclosure of information security incidents, which could affect the information security performance and the effectiveness of the ISMS.

The difference between a restricted and confidential document is that a restricted document is to be shared among named individuals, while a confidential document is to be shared among an authorized group. Restricted and confidential are examples of information classification levels that indicate the sensitivity and value of information and the degree of protection required for it. Restricted documents contain information that could cause serious damage or harm to the organization or its stakeholders if disclosed to unauthorized persons. Therefore, they should only be accessed by specific individuals who have a legitimate need to know and are authorized by the information owner. Confidential documents contain information that could cause damage or harm to the organization or its stakeholders if disclosed to unauthorized persons. Therefore, they should only be accessed by a defined group of people who have a legitimate need to know and are authorized by the information owner. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires the organization to classify information in terms of legal requirements, value, criticality and sensitivity to unauthorized disclosure or modification (see clause A.8.2.1). References: CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Requirements, What is Information Classification?

Jack collected mathematical evidence when he identified nonconformities by comparing the number of purchased invoices for software licenses with the software inventory. This type of evidence involves numerical, quantifiable data that highlights discrepancies and supports findings of compliance or non-compliance.

The management review is a key component of the "Check" stage in the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle. Its primary purpose is to evaluate the overall ISMS and make strategic decisions for improvement. Here's why the other options are less accurate:

•A. Random intervals: Reviews should be conducted at planned intervals for consistency and tracking progress.

•B. Compliance: While compliance is a consideration, the main focus is on the system's suitability for the organization's needs, its adequacy in managing risks, and its overall effectiveness in achieving information security objectives.

•D. Update: The management review might lead to updates, but its primary goal is evaluation, not immediate modification.

The audit objectives are the purpose and scope of an audit, as defined by the audit client and the auditor. According to the ISO/IEC 27001 standard, the audit objectives for an ISMS audit may include determining the extent of conformity of the ISMS with the audit criteria, evaluating the ability of the ISMS to ensure the organization meets its information security objectives, and identifying potential areas for improvement of the ISMS12. References: = 1: PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 192: ISO/IEC 27007:2011 Information technology — Security techniques — Guidelines for information security management systems auditing, clause 4.2.1.

According to the PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, the audit reports should be produced by the audit team leader with input from the audit team, as they are responsible for collecting and analysing the audit evidence1. The audit reports should also include or refer to the audit plan, as it provides the basis for the audit objectives, scope, criteria, and methodology2. Furthermore, the audit reports should be produced within an agreed timescale, as it is part of the audit programme management and ensures timely communication of the audit results3. Additionally, the audit reports should always be reviewed by the client, dated, and signed as ‘accepted’, as it confirms the audit completion and the formal agreement on the audit findings and conclusions4.

The other statements are false because:

Audit reports should not be sent to the organisation’s top management first because their contents could be embarrassing, as this would compromise the audit impartiality and confidentiality5. Audit reports should be distributed according to the audit programme procedures and the audit plan.

Audit reports should not be assumed suitable for general circulation unless they are specifically marked confidential, as this would violate the audit confidentiality and the protection of personal information. Audit reports should be treated as confidential documents and only shared with the authorised parties.

Audit reports should not only evidence nonconformity, as this would limit the audit scope and value. Audit reports should also evidence conformity, improvement opportunities, good practices, and audit observations.

Audit reports that are no longer required should not be destroyed as part of the organisation’s general waste, as this would pose a risk to the audit confidentiality and the information security. Audit reports should be retained, disposed, or destroyed according to the audit programme procedures and the applicable legal requirements.

 1: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 32, section 4.4.32: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.43: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 31, section 4.4.14: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 34, section 4.4.55: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 32, section 4.4.3. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 33, section 4.4.4. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 24, section 4.3.1. : PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 34, section 4.4.5.

The technical expert can communicate their audit findings to the auditee only through one of the audit team members. This ensures that communications remain coordinated and that the audit team maintains control over the audit process.

Audit methods are the techniques and procedures that auditors use to collect and evaluate audit evidence. Audit methods can be classified into two categories: those that involve human interaction and those that do not. Human interaction methods are those that require direct or indirect communication with the auditee or other relevant parties, such as interviews, questionnaires, surveys, observations, or walkthroughs. Non-human interaction methods are those that do not require any communication with the auditee or other parties, such as document reviews, data analysis, or remote surveillance.

Some examples of audit methods that do not involve human interaction are:

Performing a review of auditee’s procedures in preparation for an audit: This method involves examining the auditee’s documented information, such as policies, processes, records, or reports, to verify their adequacy and effectiveness in meeting the audit criteria. The auditor does not need to interact with the auditee or anyone else to perform this method.

Analysing data by remotely accessing the auditee’s server: This method involves accessing and processing the auditee’s data, such as performance indicators, logs, metrics, or statistics, to verify their accuracy and reliability in meeting the audit criteria. The auditor does not need to interact with the auditee or anyone else to perform this method.