NSK101 Exam Dumps - Netskope Certified Cloud Security Administrator (NCCSA)

To prevent Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks on an encrypted website or application, one method that you can use is certificate pinning. Certificate pinning is a technique that restricts which certificates are considered valid for a particular website or application, limiting risk. Instead of allowing any trusted certificate to be used, operators "pin" the certificate authority (CA) issuer(s), public keys or even end-entity certificates of their choice. Certificate pinning helps to prevent MITM attacks by validating the server certificates against a hardcoded list of certificates in the website or application. If an attacker tries to intercept or modify the traffic using a fraudulent or compromised certificate, it will be rejected by the website or application as invalid, even if it is signed by a trusted CA. References: Certificate pinning - IBMCertificate and Public Key Pinning | OWASP Foundation

 To provide a quick view under the Skope IT Applications page showing only risky shadow IT cloud applications being used, you can use two filter combinations: Sanctioned = No and CCL = Medium, Low, Poor. The Sanctioned filter allows you to select whether you want to see only sanctioned or unsanctioned apps in your organization. Sanctioned apps are those that are approved and managed by your IT department, while unsanctioned apps are those that are used without authorization or oversight by your employees. Shadow IT refers to the use of unsanctioned apps that may pose security or compliance risks for your organization. The CCL filter allows you to select the Cloud Confidence Level (CCL) ratings of the apps you want to see. The CCL rating is a measure of how enterprise-ready a cloud app is based on various criteria such as security, auditability, business continuity, etc. The CCL rating ranges from Excellent to Poor, with Excellent being the most secure and compliant and Poor being the least. Risky cloud apps are those that have a low CCL rating, such as Medium, Low, or Poor. By applying these two filters, you can narrow down the list of apps to only those that are unsanctioned and have a low CCL rating, which indicates that they are risky shadow IT cloud applications being used in your organization. References: SkopeIT ApplicationsNetskope Cloud Confidence Index

Shadow IT is the term for the unauthorized use of IT resources and functions by employees within an organization. It can include cloud services, software, and hardware that are not approved or managed by the IT department. Two use cases that would be considered examples of shadow IT within an organization are: an unsanctioned Microsoft 365 OneDrive account being used by a corporate user to upload sensitive data and an unsanctioned Google Drive account used by a corporate user to upload non-sensitive data. In both cases, the corporate user is using a personal cloud storage service that is not sanctioned by the organization to store work-related data. This can introduce security risks, such as data leakage, data loss, compliance violations, malware infections, etc. The IT department may not have visibility or control over these cloud services or the data stored in them. References: What is shadow IT? | CloudflareWhat is Shadow IT? | IBM

The two traffic steering configurations that are supported by Netskope are cloud applications only and all Web traffic including cloud applications. These configurations allow you to control what kind of traffic gets steered to Netskope for real-time deep analysis and what kind of traffic gets bypassed. You can choose one of these options for both on-premises and off-premises scenarios, depending on your network environment and security needs. You can also create exceptions for specific domains, IP addresses, or certificate-pinned applications that you want to bypass or steer regardless of the configuration option. References: Steering ConfigurationCreating a Steering Configuration

In the Skope IT interface, which is a feature in the Netskope platform that allows you to view and analyze all the activities performed by users on cloud applications, there are two event tables that would be used to label a cloud application instance: Page Events and Application Events. Page Events are events that capture the URL and category of the web pages visited by users, as well as the time spent and the bytes transferred on each page. Application Events are events that capture the details of the actions performed by users on cloud applications, such as upload, download, share, edit, delete, etc. You can use these event tables to label a cloud application instance by applying filters based on the domain name or URL of the instance, such as drive.google.com/a/yourcompany.com or slack.com/yourteam. You can then assign a custom label to the filtered events and use it for reporting or policy enforcement. Network Events and Alerts are not event tables that would be used to label a cloud application instance, as they are more related to network traffic or policy violations, rather than cloud application activities. References: [Netskope Skope IT], Netskope Security Cloud Operation & Administration (NSCO&A) - Classroom Course, Module 8: Skope IT.

In this scenario, there are three probable causes for the issue of users not being able to access external websites from their browsers after attempting to steer traffic to Netskope using GRE tunnels. One cause is that the configured GRE peer in the Netskope platform is incorrect, which means that the Netskope POP that is supposed to receive the GRE traffic from the customer’s network is not matching the IP address of the customer’s router that is sending the GRE traffic. This will result in a failure to establish a GRE tunnel between the customer and Netskope. Another cause is that the corporate firewall might be blocking GRE traffic, which means that the firewall rules are not allowing the GRE protocol (IP protocol number 47) or the UDP port 4789 (for VXLAN encapsulation) to pass through. This will result in a failure to send or receive GRE packets between the customer and Netskope. A third cause is that the route map was applied to the wrong router interface, which means that the configuration that specifies which traffic should be steered to Netskope using GRE tunnels was not applied to the correct interface on the customer’s router. This will result in a failure to steer the desired traffic to Netskope. The pre-shared key for the GRE tunnel is incorrect is not a probable cause for this issue, as GRE tunnels do not use pre-shared keys for authentication or encryption. Netskope does support GRE tunnels, so this is not a cause for this issue either. References: [Netskope Secure Forwarder], Netskope Security Cloud Operation & Administration (NSCO&A) - Classroom Course, Module 3: Steering Configuration, Lesson 3: Secure Forwarder.

A real-time policy is a type of policy in Netskope’s CASB that allows you to control the actions that users can perform on cloud applications in real time. You can use a real-time policy to block all users from uploading data files into risky collaboration applications by specifying the following elements: the application category (such as Collaboration), the activity (such as Upload), the file type (such as Data), the risk level (such as High or Very High), and the action (such as Block). A DLP rule, a DLP profile, and a block notification are not sufficient to accomplish this task, as they are either sub-components or outcomes of a real-time policy. References: Netskope Security Cloud Operation & Administration (NSCO&A) - Classroom Course, Module 5: Real-Time Policies, Lesson 1: Real-Time Policy Overview and Lesson 2: Real-Time Policy Configuration.

The inline and API implementation of the Netskope platform are two different ways of connecting cloud applications to Netskope for inspection and policy enforcement. Two fundamental differences between them are: The API implementation can only be used with sanctioned applications, which are applications that are approved and authorized by the organization for business use. The API implementation relies on using out-of-band API connections to access data and events from these applications and apply near real-time policies. The inline implementation can effectively block a transaction in both sanctioned and unsanctioned applications, which are applications that are not approved or authorized by the organization for business use. The inline implementation relies on using in-band proxy or reverse-proxy connections to intercept traffic to and from these applications and apply real-time policies. The API implementation can be used with both sanctioned and unsanctioned applications and the inline implementation can only effectively block a transaction in sanctioned applications are not true statements, as they contradict the actual capabilities and limitations of each implementation method. References: [Netskope SaaS API-enabled Protection], [Netskope Inline CASB].

The term that correctly defines the Zero Trust security model is least privilege access. The Zero Trust security model is a modern security strategy based on the principle: never trust, always verify. Instead of assuming everything behind the corporate firewall is safe, the Zero Trust model assumes breach and verifies each request as though it originates from an open network. One of the core principles of the Zero Trust model is to use least privilege access, which means granting users or systems only the minimum level of access they need to perform their tasks, and only for a limited time. This helps reduce the attack surface and minimize the impact of a potential breach. References: Zero Trust Security - microsoft.comWhat is Zero Trust Security? Principles of the Zero Trust Model

In this scenario, policy B is more restrictive than policy A, as it blocks users from downloading files from any OS other than Mac or Windows for cloud storage, while policy A only generates alerts when any user downloads, uploads, or shares files on a cloud storage application. Therefore, policy B should be implemented before policy A, as the policy order determines the order of evaluation and enforcement of the policies. If policy A is implemented before policy B, then policy B will never be triggered, as policy A will match all the download activities for cloud storage and generate alerts. The policy order is important; policies are not independent of each other, as they may have overlapping or conflicting conditions and actions. These two policies would actually work together, as long as they are ordered correctly. References: Netskope Security Cloud Operation & Administration (NSCO&A) - Classroom Course, Module 5: Real-Time Policies, Lesson 3: Policy Order.

The Building Security in Maturity Model (BSIMM) is a framework that measures and compares the security activities of different organizations. It helps organizations to assess their current security practices and identify areas for improvement. ISO 27001 is an international standard that specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving aninformation security management system. It helps organizations to manage their information security risks and demonstrate their compliance with best practices. Data Science Council of America (DASCA) is not a security framework, but a credentialing body for data science professionals. NIST Cybersecurity Framework (NIST CSF) is a security framework, but it is not commonly used to assess and validate a vendor’s security practices, as it is more focused on improving the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure sectors in the United States. References: [BSIMM], [ISO 27001], [DASCA], [NIST CSF].

An App Instance is a feature in the Netskope platform that allows you to define and identify different instances of the same cloud application based on the domain name or URL. For example, you can define an App Instance for your enterprise Google Drive instance (such as drive.google.com/a/yourcompany.com) and another App Instance for your personal Google Drive instance (such as drive.google.com). This way, you can differentiate between them and apply different policies and actions based on the App Instance. You would want to define an App Instance to achieve this level of granularity and control over your cloud application activities. Creating an API Data Protection Policy for a personal Box instance, enabling the instance_id attribute in the advanced search field, or differentiating between an enterprise Google Drive instance vs. an enterprise Box instance are not valid reasons to define an App Instance, as they are either unrelated or irrelevant to the App Instance feature. References: Netskope Security Cloud Operation & Administration (NSCO&A) - Classroom Course, Module 5: Real-Time Policies, Lesson 4: App Instances.

When working with traffic from applications with pinned certificates, you should add an exception to the steering configuration to bypass them. Pinned certificates are a security technique that prevents man-in-the-middle attacks by validating the server certificates against a hardcoded list of certificates in the application. If you try to intercept or inspect the traffic from such applications, they will reject the connection or display an error message. Therefore, you should add the domains used by certificate-pinned applications as exceptions in your steering configuration, so that they are not steered to Netskope for analysis and enforcement. References: Certificate Pinned ApplicationsCreating a Steering Configuration

To create a service request ticket for a client-related issue using the Netskope client UI, you need to generate the client logs by right-clicking on the system tray icon and choosing Troubleshoot. This will open a window where you can select the option to Save Logs, which will create a zip file containing the client logs. You can then attach this file to your service request ticket and provide any relevant details about the issue. Choosing Save logs, Configuration, or Help will not generate the client logs, as they perform different functions, such as saving the current configuration, opening the settings menu, or opening the help page. References: [Netskope Client Troubleshooting].

Legacy solutions, such as on-premises firewalls and proxies, fail to secure the data and data access compared to Netskope Secure Web Gateway because they are designed for a perimeter-based security model, where the applications and the users are both within the corporate network. However, with the rise of cloud computing and remote work, this model is no longer valid. The applications where the data resides are no longer in one central location, but distributed across multiple cloud services and regions. The users accessing this data are not in one central place, but working from anywhere, on any device. Legacy solutions cannot provide adequate visibility and control over this dynamic and complex environment, resulting in security gaps and performance issues. Netskope Secure Web Gateway, on the other hand, leverages a cloud-native architecture that provides high-performance and scalable inspection of traffic from any location and device, as well as granular policies and advanced threat and data protection for web and cloud applications. References: Netskope Architecture OverviewNetskope Next Gen SWG