FCSS_EFW_AD-7.6 Exam Dumps - Fortinet NSE 7 - Enterprise Firewall 7.6 Administrator

Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 200 words of Explanation From Exact Extract of Enterprise Firewall 7.6 Administrator documents:

Based on the FortiOS 7.6 Infrastructure study guide and official documentation regarding OSPF monitoring, the command output get router info ospf status provides critical details about the OSPF process.

Multiple Areas (Option D): The last line of the exhibit explicitly states, "This router is an ABR" (Area Border Router). By definition in the OSPF protocol, an ABR is a router that is connected to multiple OSPF areas, typically Area 0 (the backbone) and at least one other non-backbone area.

OSPF ECMP (Option A): The output indicates that the OSPF process "Conforms to RFC2328". RFC 2328 is the standard for OSPFv2, which includes the capability for Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP). In FortiOS, when OSPF is enabled and multiple routes to the same destination have the same cost, ECMP is supported by default unless specifically limited by the maximum-paths configuration. The mention of this RFC compliance in the status output confirms the engine's capability and support for multi-path routing.

Option C is incorrect because the output does not label the device as an ASBR (Autonomous System Boundary Router), which would be required to inject external routing information. Option B is incorrect because "ABR" refers to area hierarchy, not the election status (DR/BDR) on a specific network segment.

When using IPsec VPNs and VXLAN, additional headers are added to packets, which can exceed the default 1500-byte MTU. This can lead to fragmentation issues, dropped packets, or degraded performance.

To resolve this, the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) should be adjusted only if all devices in the network path support it. Otherwise, some devices may still drop or fragment packets, leading to continued issues.

Why adjusting MTU helps:

● VXLAN adds a 50-byte overhead to packets.

● IPsec adds additional encapsulation (ESP, GRE, etc.), increasing the packet size.

● If packets exceed the MTU, they may be fragmented or dropped, causing intermittent connectivity issues.

● Lowering the MTU on interfaces ensures packets stay within the supported size limit across all network devices.

ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) 2.0 is the optimal solution for enabling direct spoke-to-spoke communication without passing through the hub, while also allowing automatic link selection based on quality metrics.

● Dynamic Direct Tunnels:

● ADVPN 2.0 allows spokes to establish direct IPsec tunnels dynamically based on traffic patterns, reducing latency and improving performance.

● Unlike static VPNs, spokes do not need to pre-configure tunnels for each other.

● Automatic Link Optimization:

● ADVPN 2.0 monitors the quality of multiple internet connections on each spoke.

● It automatically switches to the best available connection when the primary link degrades or fails.

● This is achieved by dynamically adjusting BGP-based routing or leveraging SD-WAN integration.