CISM Exam Dumps - Certified Information Security Manager

Change control is the process of ensuring that changes to an information system are authorized, tested, documented and implemented in a controlled manner. Inadequate change control can result in deficient technical security controls, such as missing patches, misconfigurations, vulnerabilities or errors in the new application.

References = CISM Review Manual, 27th Edition, Chapter 4, Section 4.3.2, page 2291

 Strengthening endpoint security is the most immediate focus when shifting to a work-from-home model with an increased need for remote access security, as this reduces the risk of unauthorized access, data leakage, malware infection, and other threats that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the organization’s information assets. Moving to a zero trust access model, enabling network-level authentication, and enhancing cyber response capability are also important, but not as urgent as strengthening endpoint security, as they require more time, resources, and planning to implement effectively. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 1561; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 302; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 153

 The primary reason to perform regular reviews of the cybersecurity threat landscape is to compare emerging trends with the existing organizational security posture, as this helps the information security manager to identify and prioritize the gaps and risks that need to be addressed. The cybersecurity threat landscape is dynamic and constantly evolving, and the organization’s security posture may not be adequate or aligned with the current and future threats. By reviewing the threat landscape regularly, the information security manager can assess the effectiveness and maturity of the security program, and recommend appropriate actions and controls to improve the security posture and reduce the likelihood and impact of cyberattacks. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 831; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 322; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 173

Information security governance is the process of establishing and maintaining a framework to provide assurance that information security strategies are aligned with business objectives and consistent with applicable laws and regulations. In addition to executive sponsorship and business alignment, a critical factor for effective information security governance is ownership of security, which means that the roles and responsibilities for information security are clearly defined and assigned to the appropriate stakeholders, such as business owners, information owners, information custodians, and users. Ownership of security also implies accountability for the protection of information assets and the management of security risks. References: https://www.isaca.org/credentialing/cism https://www.nist.gov/publications/information-security-handbook-guide-managers

An information security governance framework is a set of principles, policies, standards, and processes that guide the development, implementation, and management of an effective information security program that supports the organization’s objectives and strategy. The framework provides direction to meet business goals while balancing risks and controls, as it helps to align the information security activities with the business needs, priorities, and risk appetite, and to ensure that the security resources and investments are optimized and justified.

References = CISM Review Manual 2022, page 321; CISM Exam Content Outline, Domain 1, Knowledge Statement 1.22; CISM domain 1: Information security governance Updated 2022

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

The goal of securing funding for an information security program often requires aligning the program with business goals and demonstrating its value to the organization. Here's an analysis of each option:

A. Demonstrate the effectiveness of business continuity plans (BCPs): While important, this focuses on continuity rather than the overall value of the information security program to business objectives. This is not the strongest method to justify funding.

B. Report key performance indicator (KPI) trends: KPI trends are useful for tracking performance but may not directly demonstrate how the program supports business activities or adds value.

C. Demonstrate that the program enables business activities: This is the BEST option because it ties the information security program directly to business operations. When security is seen as an enabler (e.g., reducing risks in critical areas like customer data protection), stakeholders are more likely to allocate resources.

D. Provide evidence of increased security events at peer organizations: This may indicate a general threat landscape but does not provide concrete evidence of the program's value or relevance to the organization’s specific goals.

The information owner is the person who has the authority and responsibility for the information asset and its protection. The information security manager should contact the information owner as soon as possible after the incident has been confirmed, to inform them of the incident, its impact, and the actions taken or planned to resolve it. The information owner may also need to be involved in the decision-making process regarding the incident response and recovery. (From CISM Review Manual 15th Edition)