212-89 Exam Dumps - EC Council Certified Incident Handler (ECIH v3)

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

This scenario describes an active exploitation of a vulnerable application feature. The ECIH Web Application Incident Handling module emphasizes that when a specific feature is being abused, immediate containment requires removing or disabling that attack surface.

Option B is correct because disabling the vulnerable advanced search feature immediately stops further exploitation while allowing the team to analyze and remediate the flaw safely. ECIH warns against leaving known-vulnerable functionality active during investigation.

Options A and C improve authentication but do not stop exploitation of backend logic. Option D protects stored data but does not prevent further abuse.

Therefore, disabling the exploited feature is the best immediate action.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

This scenario involves a high-privilege insider threat, one of the most difficult risks to detect. ECIH emphasizes that senior executives often have broad access, making role-based restrictions impractical.

Option A is correct because advanced employee monitoring and behavioral analytics can detect abnormal access patterns, data exfiltration trends, and deviations from established baselines—even for executives. These tools operate within legal and policy frameworks while providing actionable alerts.

Options B and C reduce efficiency and are easily bypassed. Option D is intrusive and ineffective for digital exfiltration.

ECIH identifies behavioral monitoring as the most effective control for detecting malicious insiders with legitimate access, making Option A correct.

In the described attack, where attackers pose as legitimate access points (APs) by beaconing the WLAN's SSID to lure users, the attack is known as an Evil twin AP attack. This type of attack involves setting up a rogue AP with the same SSID as a legitimate wireless access point, making it appear as an authorized network to users. Unsuspecting users may connect to this malicious AP, allowing attackers to intercept sensitive information, conduct man-in-the-middle attacks, or distribute malware. The Evil twin AP attack exploits the trust users have in known SSIDs to compromise their security.

When an attacker installs a fake AP (Access Point) within a company's network, especially behind a firewall, this constitutes the deployment of a Rogue Access Point. Rogue APs are unauthorized wireless access points installed within a network without the network administrator's knowledge or consent. They pose a significant security risk because they can be used to intercept sensitive information, bypass network security configurations, and provide a gateway for attackers to enter the network undetected. This type of attack circumvents the security measures put in place by a company, including firewalls, by creating an illicit entry point into the network that is under the control of the attacker.

If a hacker influences an employee or a disgruntled staff member to gain access to an organization's resources or sensitive information, this is classified as an insider attack. Insider attacks are perpetrated by individuals within the organization, such as employees, contractors, or business associates, who have inside information concerning the organization's security practices, data, and computer systems. The threat from insiders can be intentional, as in the case of a disgruntled employee seeking to harm the organization, or unintentional, where an employee is manipulated or coerced by external parties without realizing the implications of their actions. Phishing attacks, footprinting, and identity theft represent different types of cybersecurity threats where the attacker's method or objective differs from that of insider attacks.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

The indicators described align closely with a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack, a major topic in the ECIH Network Security Incidents module. DDoS attacks overwhelm network and system resources using traffic from multiple sources, often distributed across geographic regions.

Excessive ARP traffic, NAT table exhaustion, elevated CPU usage on routers, and simultaneous connection attempts are classic symptoms of volumetric and protocol-based DDoS attacks. The involvement of multiple geolocations, as reported by the ISP, further confirms the distributed nature of the attack.

Option B is correct because no single-host misconfiguration or reconnaissance activity would generate this volume and diversity of traffic. Option A would cause IP conflicts, not global traffic floods. Option C focuses on stealthy outbound activity, not inbound saturation. Option D is low-volume and targeted.

ECIH emphasizes early identification of DDoS conditions to enable rapid containment using rate limiting, blackholing, or ISP coordination. Recognizing these indicators is critical to protecting service availability.

MxToolbox is an online tool that provides various network diagnostics and email security checks, including looking up DNS and MX records, SPF records, and more. It can be used by incident handlers to prevent the organization against evolving email threats by analyzing domain health, checking blacklists, verifying email delivery issues, and more. While Email Header Analyzer is useful for analyzing specific emails for traces of phishing or spoofing, G Suite Toolbox might be specific to Google's services, and Gpg4win is more focused on email encryption. MxToolbox provides a broader set of functionalities for monitoring and troubleshooting email delivery issues and security threats, making it a versatile tool for incident handlers.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (ECIH-aligned):

Stored XSS vulnerabilities arise when untrusted input is rendered without proper output encoding. The ECIH Web Application module clearly states that output encoding is the primary defense against XSS.

Option A is correct because encoding ensures that user-supplied input is treated as data rather than executable script. This directly prevents malicious script execution in users’ browsers.

Options B and C provide additional protection but do not fix the root cause. Option D is unrelated to XSS prevention.

ECIH emphasizes fixing vulnerabilities at the application logic level, making output encoding the correct focus.