SOA-C02 Exam Dumps - AWS Certified SysOps Administrator - Associate (SOA-C02)

When users report that old content is still appearing on the website after modifying files in an S3 bucket used by CloudFront, creating a CloudFront invalidation is the best solution.

CloudFront Invalidation:

Invalidation is the process of removing objects from the CloudFront cache before they expire.

This ensures that the updated content is served to the users.

Creating an Invalidation:

Open the CloudFront console.

Select the distribution and go to the "Invalidations" tab.

Create a new invalidation and specify the paths of the updated files.

Invalidating Files in Amazon CloudFront

To provision AWS accounts for each team with a defined baseline and governance guardrails in a scalable and efficient way, using AWS Control Tower is the best solution.

AWS Control Tower:

AWS Control Tower provides a straightforward way to set up and govern a secure, multi-account AWS environment based on best practices.

It uses Account Factory, a feature that automates the creation of new AWS accounts with predefined configurations.

Creating Accounts with Control Tower:

Navigate to the AWS Control Tower console.

Use Account Factory to create a new account.

Customize the account template to include the necessary configurations, such as organizational units (OUs), guardrails, and baselines.

Advantages:

Ensures consistent security and compliance across all accounts.

Automates account creation and configuration, saving time and reducing errors.

AWS Control Tower

Setting Up Account Factory

Enabling consolidated control findings in Security Hub reduces duplication by merging findings for similar controls across multiple standards. This reduces the operational burden of prioritizing remediation based on multiple copies of the same findings.

Consolidated Control Findings: Merges findings for controls across standards to avoid duplicates, providing a clearer view of misconfigurations without the need for additional infrastructure or manual processing.

Least Operational Overhead: This solution is managed within Security Hub without the need for external tools or manual exports.

Using AWS Config aggregators, QuickSight visualization, or custom EC2-based solutions would introduce additional complexity and overhead.

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-log-file-validation-intro.html

"When you enable log file integrity validation, CloudTrail creates a hash for every log file that it delivers. Every hour, CloudTrail also creates and delivers a file that references the log files for the last hour and contains a hash of each. This file is called a digest file. Validated log files are invaluable in security and forensic investigations"

ï‚· Objective:

Publish VPC flow logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

ï‚· Root Cause:

VPC flow logs require an IAM role with permissions to create log groups, log streams, and write logs to CloudWatch Logs.

If the logs:CreateLogGroup permission is missing, the flow log cannot create the required log group, and logs will not appear in CloudWatch.

ï‚· Solution Implementation:

Step 1: Verify the IAM role attached to the VPC flow logs.

Step 2: Add the following permissions to the IAM policy:

logs:CreateLogGroup

logs:CreateLogStream

logs:PutLogEvents

Step 3: Update the IAM role policy and retry creating flow logs.

ï‚· AWS References:

VPC Flow Logs Permissions:Permissions for VPC Flow Logs

ï‚· Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: logs:CreateExportTask is for exporting logs from CloudWatch to S3, not for creating log groups.

Option C: IPv6 addresses do not impact the publishing of flow logs to CloudWatch Logs.

Option D: VPC peering does not block flow log functionality.

To set up a notification for failed health checks of targets in the ALB, follow these steps:

Create a CloudWatch Alarm:

Navigate to CloudWatch and create a new alarm based on the UnHealthyHostCount metric of the target group.

Amazon EFS is an NFS-based file system, designed for Linux/Unix environments. Windows does not natively support NFSv4 without additional configuration (and is often not reliable).

From the Amazon EFS documentation:

Amazon EFS is not designed for use with Microsoft Windows EC2 instances.

For Windows workloads that require shared storage, use Amazon FSx for Windows File Server, which supports the SMB protocol.

❌ Why the other options are incorrect:

B: IAM is not used for mounting file systems like EFS.

C: Windows support for NFS is limited and complex, and not recommended.

D: Opening the NFS port won't help because Windows can't reliably mount NFSv4 volumes.

AWS Systems Manager Maintenance Windows allow you to define a schedule for performing administrative tasks on your instances. By setting up a maintenance window:

Schedule Reboots:

Define a maintenance window outside business hours.

Register the EC2 instances as targets.

Assign the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Automation document to the task.

This setup ensures that instances are rebooted regularly, mitigating the effects of the memory leak until a permanent fix is implemented.