SCS-C02 Exam Dumps - AWS Certified Security - Specialty

To stream data using an existing Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream and encrypt it in transit using a private network, the company should do the following:

Create a VPC endpoint for Kinesis Data Firehose. This allows the company to use a private connection between their VPC and Kinesis Data Firehose without requiring an internet gateway or NAT device.

Configure the application to connect to the VPC endpoint. This allows the application to stream data using Kinesis Data Firehose over AWS PrivateLink, which encrypts all traffic with TLS.

If you lose the private key for an EBS-backed instance, you can regain access to your instance. You must stop the instance, detach its root volume and attach it to another instance as a data volume, modify the authorized_keys file with a new public key, move the volume back to the original instance, and restart the instance.https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/TroubleshootingInstancesConnecting.html#replacing-lost-key-pai

By disabling SSL termination, you are leaving an unsecure connection from the ELB to the back end instances. Hence this means that part of the data transit is not being encrypted.

Option B is incorrect because this would not guarantee complete encryption of data in transit

Option C and D are incorrect because these would not guarantee encryption

For more information on SSL Listeners for your load balancer, please visit the below URL:

http://docs.IAM.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancine/latest/classic/elb-https-load-balancers.htmll

The correct answer is: Use S3 SSE and use SSL for data in transit

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To resolve the issue of the Lambda function failing to create the report while adhering to the principle of least privilege, follow these steps:

Identify Required Permissions:

Determine the specific AWS Security Hub and Amazon Inspector actions the Lambda function needs to perform.

Common actions include:

securityhub:Get*

securityhub:List*

securityhub:Batch*

securityhub:Describe*

Create a Custom IAM Policy:

In the AWS Management Console, navigate to the IAM service.

Create a new policy with permissions tailored to the Lambda function's needs.

Define the policy to allow the necessary actions on the specific Security Hub resource.

For example:

{

"Version": "2012-10-17",

"Statement": [

{

"Effect": "Allow",

"Action": [

"securityhub:Get*",

"securityhub:List*",

"securityhub:Batch*",

"securityhub:Describe*"

],

"Resource": "arn:aws:securityhub:us-west-2::product/aws/inspector"

}

]

}

This policy grants the Lambda function the necessary read-only permissions to interact with Security Hub and Amazon Inspector.

Attach the Policy to the Lambda Execution Role:

Identify the IAM role associated with your Lambda function.

Attach the newly created custom policy to this role.

This ensures the Lambda function has the required permissions when invoked.

Test the Lambda Function:

Invoke the Lambda function to verify it can successfully create the report without permission errors.

Monitor the function's execution to ensure it operates as expected.

Implement Least Privilege Principle:

Regularly review and adjust the permissions to ensure they remain aligned with the function's requirements.

Remove any unnecessary permissions to minimize security risks.

Defining Lambda function permissions with an execution role: This AWS documentation provides guidance on creating and managing execution roles for Lambda functions, emphasizing the importance of granting least privilege access.

AWS Documentation

Managing permissions in AWS Lambda: This resource offers insights into best practices for managing permissions, including the use of identity-based and resource-based policies to control access to Lambda resources.

AWS Documentation

Grant least privilege access: Part of the AWS Well-Architected Framework, this document discusses the principle of least privilege and provides strategies for implementing it effectively within AWS environments.

AWS Documentation

AWS managed policies for AWS Lambda: This page details the AWS managed policies available for Lambda, which can serve as a starting point for creating custom policies tailored to specific needs.

AWS Documentation

Applying the principles of least privilege in AWS Lambda: This guide explores how to apply the principle of least privilege in AWS Lambda functions, focusing on avoiding granting wildcard permissions in IAM policies.

Orchestra

By following these steps and utilizing the referenced AWS documentation, you can ensure that your Lambda function has the necessary permissions to create the report while adhering to the principle of least privilege.

This solution meets the requirement of recovering the EC2 instances if the AWS account is compromised and the EBS snapshots are deleted. By creating a new AWS account with limited privileges, the company can isolate the backup snapshots from the main account and reduce the risk of accidental or malicious deletion. By allowing the new account to access the KMS key that encrypts the EBS snapshots, the company can ensure that the snapshots are copied in an encrypted form and can be decrypted when needed. By copying the encrypted snapshots to the new account on a recurring basis, the company can maintain a consistent backup schedule and minimize data loss.

The AWS documentation states that you can create a new AMI without the potentially compromised credentials and create an 1AM role that includes the correct permissions. You can then create a launch template for the Auto Scaling group to reference the new AMI and 1AM role. This method is the most secure way to remediate the security concerns without causing downtime for the application.

Verify File Permissions:

Ensure that the log files being monitored by the CloudWatch Logs agent are still accessible.

Check permissions to confirm that the agent's process can read the files.

Check Log Rotation Rules:

Operating systems may rotate logs periodically, causing the monitored file path to change.

Update the CloudWatch Logs agent configuration to handle rotated log files (e.g., wildcards or new file paths).

Diagnose with Agent Logs:

Review the agent logs in/var/log/amazon/or equivalent to identify potential issues.

Amazon CloudWatch Logs Agent Setup

Handling Log Rotation