SAP-C02 Exam Dumps - AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional

The CloudFront managed prefix list contains the IP ranges for all CloudFront edge locations. By updating the ALB security group ingress to allow access only from this prefix list, the web application will be accessible only by using the CloudFront endpoint. This solution requires the least amount of effort compared to the other options, which involve creating new resources or updating existing ones. This solution also avoids hard-coding IP addresses, which can change over time.

This solution will allow the detection logic to be run as soon as the image is uploaded to the S3 bucket, before it is served to users via the CloudFront distribution. This way, the detection logic can quickly identify any corrupted images and prevent them from being served to users, minimizing latency between ingestion and serving.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

This question tests knowledge of private access patterns to Amazon S3 from:

resources inside a VPC, and

users in an on-premises environment connected through Site-to-Site VPN.

The correct answer is B because the company has two different traffic sources with different endpoint requirements.

Why B is correct

For the EC2 instance inside the private VPC:

An S3 gateway endpoint is the standard and most cost-effective method for private access from resources in the VPC to Amazon S3. With a gateway endpoint, traffic from the VPC to S3 stays on the AWS network and does not require a NAT gateway or internet gateway. This satisfies the requirement to remove the NAT gateways for the application’s S3 access.

For the on-premises users over the Site-to-Site VPN:

Gateway endpoints are for use within the VPC and are not accessed from on-premises networks over VPN or Direct Connect. To allow on-premises clients to access S3 privately through the VPC, the architecture needs an S3 interface endpoint with private DNS enabled. Interface endpoints create elastic network interfaces in the VPC and can be reached privately from connected on-premises environments, assuming routing and DNS are configured correctly.

Therefore, the combination is required:

S3 gateway endpoint for VPC resources

S3 interface endpoint with private DNS for on-premises access through VPN

This design allows both the EC2 application and on-premises users to access S3 without using the public internet.

Why A is incorrect

An S3 gateway endpoint works for VPC resources, but it does not provide private access for on-premises users over Site-to-Site VPN. On-premises networks cannot route directly to a gateway endpoint in the way described. That makes A incomplete and incorrect.

Why C is incorrect

Mountpoint for Amazon S3 is a way to mount an S3 bucket for file-like access from an EC2 instance or similar compute environment. It does not solve the connectivity requirement for on-premises users, and it does not address the broader network design requirement of private S3 access without NAT gateways for all stated users. It also does not replace the need for appropriate VPC endpoint architecture.

Why D is incorrect

Storage Browser for S3 is not the solution to provide private network connectivity for an application and on-premises users. It is unrelated to the core architecture requirement. The question is asking about private access paths to S3, not a user interface or client-side browser tool.

Key design principle being tested

This question checks whether you know the distinction between:

S3 gateway endpoints for traffic originating from within the VPC

S3 interface endpoints for private access from on-premises environments over hybrid connectivity

It also tests whether you understand that removing NAT gateways is possible for S3 access from private subnets when a VPC endpoint is used.

Final justification

Because the company needs:

private S3 access from an EC2 instance in a private VPC, and

private S3 access from on-premises users over VPN,

while removing NAT gateways,

the correct design is to use:

an S3 gateway endpoint for the VPC application, and

an S3 interface endpoint with private DNS for the on-premises users.

That makes B the best answer.

The most operationally efficient solution for turning on AWS CloudTrail across multiple AWS accounts managed within an AWS Organization is to create a single CloudTrail trail in the organization ' s management account and configure it to log events for all accounts within the organization. This approach leverages CloudTrail ' s ability to consolidate logs from all accounts in an organization, thereby simplifying management, reducing overhead, and ensuring consistent logging across accounts. This method eliminates the need for manual intervention in each account, making it an operationally efficient choice for organizations planning to scale their AWS usage.

AWS CloudTrail Documentation: Provides detailed instructions on setting up CloudTrail, including how to configure it for an organization.

AWS Organizations Documentation: Offers insights into best practices for managing multiple AWS accounts and how services like CloudTrail integrate with AWS Organizations.

AWS Best Practices for Security and Governance: Guides on how to effectively use AWS services to maintain a secure and well-governed AWS environment, with a focus on centralized logging and monitoring.

This option uses Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Fargate launch type to deploy the application containers. Amazon ECS is a fully managed container orchestration service that allows running Docker containers on AWS at scale. Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers that eliminates the need to provision or manage servers or clusters. With Fargate, the company only pays for the resources required to run its containers, which reduces costs and operational overhead. This option also uses Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) for shared storage. Amazon EFS is a fully managed file system that provides scalable, elastic, concurrent, and secure file storage for use with AWS cloud services. Amazon EFS supports NFS version 4 protocol, which is compatible with the application’s requirements. To use Amazon EFS with Fargate containers, the company needs to reference the EFS file system ID, container mount point, and EFS authorization IAM role in the ECS task definition.

Create a new customer-managed prefix list in the security team’s AWS account. Populate the customer-managed prefix list with all internal CIDR ranges. Share the customer-managed prefix list with the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Notify the owner of each AWS account to allow the new customer-managed prefix list ID in their security groups. This solution meets the requirements with the least amount of operational overhead as it requires the security team to create and maintain a single customer-managed prefix list, and share it with the organization using AWS Resource Access Manager. The owners of each AWS account are then responsible for allowing the prefix list in their security groups, whicheliminates the need for the security team to manually notify each account owner when changes are made. This solution also eliminates the need for a separate AWS Lambda function in each account, reducing the overall complexity of the solution.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

B is correct because RDS Proxy allows for connection pooling and improved management of DB connections. Lambda + RDS often runs into connection exhaustion during high concurrency unless RDS Proxy is used. Provisioned concurrency prevents cold starts.