FCSS_EFW_AD-7.4 Exam Dumps - FCSS - Enterprise Firewall 7.4 Administrator

The diagram shows amulti-area OSPF networkwhere:

●FortiGate Ais inOSPF Area 0 (Backbone area).

●FortiGate Bis inOSPF Area 0.0.0.1and is connected to anRIP network.

To ensure thatOSPF Area 0 (0.0.0.0) learns routes from the external RIP network, FortiGate B mustredistribute RIP routes into OSPF.

Steps to achieve this:

1.Enable route redistribution on FortiGate Bto inject RIP-learned routes into OSPF.

2. This allows OSPFArea 0.0.0.1to forward RIP routes toOSPF Area 0 (0.0.0.0), making the external network visible.

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN)is an overlay network technology that extends Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 infrastructure. When VXLAN is used extensively on FortiGate, hardware acceleration is crucial for maintaining performance.

●NP7 (Network Processor 7)is Fortinet’s latest network processor designed to accelerate high-performance networking features, including:

●VXLAN encapsulation/decapsulation

●IPsec VPN offloading

●Firewall policy enforcement

●Advanced threat protection at wire speed

NP7 significantlyreduces latency and improves throughputwhen handling VXLAN traffic, making it the best choice for large-scale VXLAN deployments.

ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) 2.0is the optimal solution for enablingdirect spoke-to-spoke communicationwithout passing through the hub, while also allowingautomatic link selectionbased on quality metrics.

●Dynamic Direct Tunnels:

● ADVPN 2.0 allowsspokes to establish direct IPsec tunnels dynamicallybased on traffic patterns, reducing latency and improving performance.

● Unlike static VPNs, spokes do not need to pre-configure tunnels for each other.

●Automatic Link Optimization:

● ADVPN 2.0monitors the qualityof multiple internet connections on each spoke.

● It automatically switches to the best available connection when the primary linkdegrades or fails.

● This is achieved by dynamically adjusting BGP-based routing or leveraging SD-WAN integration.

FortiGate'sIPS protocol decodersanalyzenetwork transmission patternsandapplication signaturesto identify and block malicious traffic.Application Controlis the feature that allows FortiGate todetect, classify, and block applicationsbased on their behavior and signatures, even when they do not rely on traditional URLs.

●Application Controlworks alongsideIPS protocol decodersto inspect packet payloads and enforce security policies based on recognized application behaviors.

● It enablesgranular control over non-URL-based applicationssuch asP2P traffic, VoIP, messaging apps, and other non-web-based protocolsthat IPS can identify through protocol decoders.

●IPS and Application Control together can detect evasive or encrypted applications that might bypass traditional firewall rules.

The FortiGateSSL/SSH inspection profileis configured forFull SSL Inspection, which is necessary to analyze encrypted HTTPS traffic. However, the firewallpolicy is protecting an SSL server (the Linux server hosting the website), and currently, the SSL/SSH profileonly applies to client-side SSL inspection.

To detect HTTPS-based attacks targeting the Linux server:

●FortiGate must act as an SSL intermediaryto inspect encrypted traffic destined for the web server.

● The administratormust upload the SSL certificate of the Linux web serverto FortiGate so that theserver-side SSL inspectioncan decrypt incoming HTTPS traffic before analyzing it.

TheOSPF database optimizationis necessary to reduce unnecessary routing information and improve network performance. In the given topology,Area 0.0.0.1is a non-backbone area connected toArea 0.0.0.0 (the backbone area)through anArea Border Router (ABR).

To optimize OSPF in this scenario, configuringArea 0.0.0.1 as a Stub Areawill:

●Reduce the size of the OSPF databaseby preventing external routes (from outside OSPF) from being injected into Area 0.0.0.1.

●Allow only intra-area and inter-area routes, meaning routers in Area 0.0.0.1 will rely on adefault routefor external destinations.

●Improve convergence time and reduce router processing loadsince fewer LSAs (Link-State Advertisements) are exchanged.

Thebest way to automate a firewall policyusing a daily updated list ofIP addressesis by using anexternal connector from Threat Feeds. This allows FortiGate to dynamically retrievereal-time threat intelligencefrom external sources and apply it directly to security policies.

By configuringThreat Feeds, the administrator can:

●Automatically updatefirewall policies with the latest malicious IPs daily.

●Block trafficfrom those IPs in real-time without manual intervention.

●Integrate with FortiGuard, third-party threat intelligence sources, or custom feeds (CSV, STIX/TAXII, etc.).

The diagram shows a FortiGate connected to two FortiSwitches, which suggests the use ofFortiLink, Fortinet's protocol for managing switches directly from a FortiGate. Since multiple connections are being used, the LAN interface must be set to802.3ad (LAG)mode to aggregate the links for redundancy and load balancing.

This setup allows FortiGate to handle VLAN assignments dynamically, as seen withVLAN 10 (192.168.15.1/24). FortiLink ensures seamless integration between FortiGate and FortiSwitches, making STP unnecessary because Fortinet'sMCLAGprevents loops at Layer 2. SD-WAN, on the other hand, is used for WAN interfaces and does not apply to switch connectivity in this scenario.