CISA Exam Dumps - Certified Information Systems Auditor

Ifmeasurable benefitswerenot defined, the organizationcannot assess whether the system achieved its intended goals, making it the mostcriticalissue.

Measurable Benefits Not Defined (Correct Answer – D)

No clear KPIs or success metricsmeans no way toevaluate ROI.

Example:A company implementsan ERP systembut has no performance indicators to measure success.

No Lessons Learned (Incorrect – A)

Important but doesnot impact system effectiveness.

Missing Dashboard Deliverables (Incorrect – B)

A reporting issue,not a strategic failure.

Budget Overrun (Incorrect – C)

A financial concern butnot as critical as system success measurement.

Comprehensive and Detailed in-Depth Explanation:

The primary focus when reviewing operational database management in a cloud environment should be the security settings configuration. Cloud environments often have complex and customizable security configurations, and any misconfiguration can lead to data breaches or unauthorized access. Ensuring proper security settings helps maintain data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Cloud vendor security certifications (Option A) are important but do not directly address how security is configured. Auto-scaling of provisioning costs (Option B) relates to resource management rather than security. Large-scale data transfers (Option D) may be relevant, but security settings directly impact data protection.

ISACA CISA Reference: Domain 5 - Protection of Information Assets

The type of IS audit that would provide the greatest level of assurance that the department’s objectives have been met after implementing new technologies and processes is an integrated audit. An integrated audit is an audit that combines financial, operational, compliance, and IT auditing aspects to provide a holistic view of the organization’s performance and risks. An integrated audit can evaluate whether the new technologies and processes are aligned with the organization’s goals, strategies, policies, and controls, and whether they are delivering value, efficiency, effectiveness, and reliability. The other types of IS audits (A, C and D) would not provide the same level of assurance, as they would only focus on specific aspects of the organization’s activities, such as performance, cyber security, or financial reporting, which may not capture the full impact of the new technologies and processes. References: CISA Certification | Certified Information Systems Auditor | ISACA, CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 1: The Process of Auditing Information Systems, Section 1.2: Types of IS Audit Engagements

The best recommendation to help prevent the situation where IT support staff were put in a position to make decisions beyond their level of authority during the review of a system disruption incident is to introduce escalation protocols. Escalation protocols are policies and procedures that define who should be notified, involved, or consulted when an incident occurs, how the communication and handover should take place, and what criteria or triggers should be used to escalate the incident to a higher level of authority or expertise2. Escalation protocols help to ensure that:

Incidents are handled by the appropriate staff with the required skills, knowledge, and experience

Incidents are resolved in a timely and effective manner

Incidents are escalated to senior management or specialized teams when necessary

Incidents are documented and reported accurately and transparently

Incidents are analyzed and learned from to prevent recurrence or mitigate impact

Therefore, by introducing escalation protocols, an organization can improve its incident management process and avoid putting IT support staff in a position to make decisions beyond their level of authority.

The greatest concern with finding closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems located in a patient care area is that there are no notices indicating recording is in progress. This is because CCTV systems in healthcare settings can pose a threat to the privacy and confidentiality of patients, staff, and visitors, especially in sensitive areas where personal or medical information may be exposed. According to the government’s Surveillance camera code of practice1, CCTV operators must be as transparent as possible in the use of CCTV, and inform people that they are being recorded by using clear and visible signs. The signs should also provide contact details of the CCTV operator and the purpose of the surveillance. By providing notices, CCTV operators can comply with data protection law and respect the rights and expectations of individuals.

Option B is correct because the lack of notices indicating recording is in progress is a clear violation of the Surveillance camera code of practice1, which applies to local authorities and the police, and is encouraged to be adopted by other CCTV operators in England and Wales. The code also applies to Scotland, along with the National Strategy for Public Space CCTV2. The code is intended to be used in conjunction with the guidance provided by the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO)3, which applies across the UK. The ICO states that CCTV operators must inform people that they are being recorded by using prominent signs at the entrance of the CCTV zone and reinforcing this with further signs inside the area.

Option A is incorrect because cameras not being monitored 24/7 is not the greatest concern, as it does not necessarily affect the privacy and confidentiality of individuals. CCTV systems may have different purposes and objectives, such as deterring or monitoring crime, enhancing security, or improving patient care. Depending on the purpose, CCTV systems may not require constant monitoring, but rather periodic review or analysis. However, CCTV operators should still ensure that they have adequate security measures to protect the CCTV systems from unauthorized access or tampering.

Option C is incorrect because the retention period for video recordings being undefined is not the greatest concern, as it does not directly affect the privacy and confidentiality of individuals. However, CCTV operators should still define and document their retention policy, and ensure that they do not keep video recordings for longer than necessary, unless they are needed for a specific purpose or as evidence. The retention period should be based on a clear and justifiable rationale, and comply with data protection law and industry guidelines.

Option D is incorrect because there being no backups of the videos is not the greatest concern, as it does not affect the privacy and confidentiality of individuals. However, CCTV operators should still consider having backups of their videos, especially if they are needed for a specific purpose or as evidence. Backups can help to prevent data loss or corruption due to system failures, disasters, or malicious attacks. Backups should also be stored securely and encrypted to prevent unauthorized access or disclosure.

 Discovery sampling is an appropriate sampling method for an IS auditor who intends to launch an intensive investigation if one exception is found. Discovery sampling is a type of attribute sampling that determines the sample size based on an acceptable risk of not finding at least one occurrence of an attribute when a given rate of occurrence exists in a population. Discovery sampling can be used by an IS auditor who wants to detect fraud or errors that have a low probability but high impacton an audit objective. The other options are not appropriate sampling methods for this purpose, as they may involve judgmental sampling, variable sampling, or stratified sampling. References:

CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 2, Section 2.31

CISA ReviewQuestions, Answers and Explanations Database, Question ID 230

The first step when conducting an IT risk assessment is to identify assets to be protected, which include hardware, software, data, processes, people, and facilities that support the business objectives and operations of an organization. Identifying assets to be protected helps to establish the scope and boundaries of the risk assessment, as well as the value and criticality of each asset. Identifying potential threats, assessing vulnerabilities, and evaluating controls in place are subsequent steps in the risk assessment process that depend on the identification of assets to be protected. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 2: Governance and Management of IT, Section 2.3: IT Risk Management