Digital-Forensics-in-Cybersecurity Exam Dumps - Digital Forensics in Cybersecurity (D431/C840DQO1) Course Exam

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Steganography is the technique of hiding information within another file, message, image, or medium to conceal the existence of the information itself. It differs from encryption in that the data is hidden, not just scrambled.

Steganalysis is the detection or analysis of hidden data.

Encryption and cryptography involve scrambling data but do not inherently hide its existence.

NIST and digital forensics guidelines define steganography as the art of concealed writing or data hiding, used by criminals to evade detection.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The CAN-SPAM Act requires that commercial emails include a clear and conspicuous mechanism allowing recipients to opt out of receiving future emails. This opt-out method cannot require payment or additional steps that would discourage recipients.

The act aims to reduce unsolicited commercial emails and spam.

Compliance is critical for lawful email marketing and forensic investigations involving email misuse.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In Internet fraud investigations, computer logs are critical because they provide a record of user activity, including browsing history, downloads, and system events. These logs can help establish a timeline, identify malicious access, and confirm fraudulent transactions.

Computer logs may include browser history, system event logs, and application logs that document the victim’s interaction with the fraudulent offer.

Whois records help identify domain registration details but are secondary evidence.

Email headers are relevant if communication via email was part of the fraud but less critical than logs that show direct interaction.

Virus signatures are used in malware investigations, not directly relevant to fraud evidence collection.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The foremost principle in digital forensics isnever altering the original evidence. This ensures integrity, authenticity, and admissibility in court.

Investigators analyze forensic copies, not originals.

Write-blockers and hashing are used to prevent changes.

Any alteration—intentional or accidental—can invalidate evidence.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Least Significant Bit (LSB) insertion involves modifying the least significant bits of image pixel data to embed hidden information. Changes are imperceptible to the human eye, making this a common steganographic technique.

LSB insertion is widely studied and targeted in steganalysis.

It allows covert data embedding without increasing file size significantly.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) establishes strict requirements for the creation, retention, protection, and destruction of electronic business records for publicly traded companies. The law was enacted to prevent corporate fraud and mandates secure handling of digital documents, email, and logs.

SOX requires auditing controls that ensure electronic records remain unaltered.

Section 802 specifically defines criminal penalties for altering, destroying, or falsifying electronic records.

Forensic investigators must ensure evidence from publicly traded companies is retained in compliance with SOX requirements.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Windows stores the hashes of local user account passwords in the SAM (Security Account Manager) file, which is located in theWindows\System32\configdirectory. This file is a critical component in the Windows security infrastructure.

The registry paths in A and B refer to network profiles and wireless configuration data, unrelated to password storage.

The "Security" file also resides in theSystem32\configfolder but stores security policy data rather than password hashes.

The SAM file stores password hashes and is targeted in forensic investigations for credential recovery.