What ECP-206 Questions and Answers feature?

Two roles of the DHCP protocol in a network are:

• It is used by hosts to obtain the IP address and other parameters from the DHCP server. DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which is a protocol that provides automatic and centralized management of IP addresses and other network configuration parameters for devices connected to a network. A host that needs an IP address can send a request to a DHCP server, which will assign an available IP address from a pool and lease it to the host for a certain period of time34.
• It is used to inform hosts about the default gateway. The default gateway is the IP address of the router that connects the host to other networks. The default gateway is one of the parameters that can be delivered by the DHCP server to the host, along with other parameters such as subnet mask, DNS server, domain name, etc. The host can use the default gateway to send packets to destinations outside of its local network34.

References: What Is DHCP? (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - Lifewire, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Wikipedia

Peers recognize each other’s ability to use MP-BGP extensions by advertising the ability using the capabilities field during the session establishment. MP-BGP is an extension to BGP that allows BGP to carry routing information for multiple network layer protocols, such as IPv6, VPNv4, multicast, etc. To support MP-BGP, peers need to exchange their capabilities during the session establishment phase, which consists of three steps: open, keepalive, and update. In the open message, peers can include an optional parameter called capabilities, which indicates what kind of address families and subsequent address families they can support. If both peers agree on a common set of capabilities, they can proceed to exchange routing information for those address families using update messages56.

References: Use of MP-BGP Extensions for IPv6 Interdomain Routing, MP-EBGP Configuration Example - Cisco

The device that will fragment IPv6 packets is the source host. Fragmentation is a process of dividing a large packet into smaller pieces that can fit the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the network link. In IPv4, fragmentation can be performed by either the source host or any intermediate router along the path. However, in IPv6, fragmentation is only allowed at the source host, and routers are not allowed to fragment packets. This reduces the processing overhead and complexity at routers and avoids potential fragmentation attacks. If a router receives an IPv6 packet that is too large for the next-hop link, it will drop the packet and send an ICMPv6 Packet Too Big message back to the source host56.

References: IPv6 address - Wikipedia, IPv6 Fragmentation - Cisco