What 702-100 Questions and Answers feature?

The command cp SI 52 in the Bourne shell script copies the file named by the value of SI to the file named 52. The SI is a positional parameter that represents the first argument passed to the script when it is executed. Positional parameters are numbered from 1 to 9, and can be accessed by using the dollar sign $ followed by the number. For example, $1 is the first positional parameter, $2 is the second, and so on. Therefore, the SI in the script is equivalent to $1, and it represents the first argument passed to the script. The correct answer is D. A positional parameter. References:

• [Positional Parameters - FreeBSD]
• [Shell Scripting Tutorial - Positional Parameters]

The date command in BSD systems provides the following features:

• It outputs the time in a specific format. The date command can display the current date and time in various formats, depending on the options and arguments given. For example, the command date +%Y-%m-%d will output the date in the format of year-month-day, such as 2023-04-30. The command date +%T will output the time in the format of hour:minute:second, such as 22:51:42. The command date +%A will output the full name of the weekday, such as Thursday. The date command supports many formatting characters that can be used to customize the output. For a full list of formatting characters, see the date(1) manual page1.
• It sets the clock to a specific time. The date command can also be used to set the system date and time, if the user has the appropriate privileges. For example, the command date 0430225123 will set the date and time to April 30, 2023, 22:51:42. The command date -u 0430225123 will set the date and time to the same value, but in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) instead of the local time zone. The command date -n will set the date and time to the current network time, using the ntpd(8) daemon1.

The date command does not provide the following features:

• It does not display a calendar. The date command only displays the date and time, not a calendar. To display a calendar, the cal(1) or ncal(1) commands can be used instead. For example, the command cal 4 2023 will display the calendar for April 2023. The command ncal -w 2023 will display the calendar for the whole year 2023, with week numbers23.
• It does not send NTP queries. The date command does not send any network requests or queries to NTP (Network Time Protocol) servers. To synchronize the system clock with NTP servers, the ntpd(8) daemon or the ntpdate(8) utility can be used instead. For example, the command ntpd -q will query one or more NTP servers and adjust the system clock accordingly. The command ntpdate pool.ntp.org will set the date and time to the value returned by the NTP server pool.ntp.org45.
• It does not change the system’s timezone. The date command does not change the system’s timezone setting, only the date and time values. To change the system’s timezone, the tzsetup(8) utility or the ln(1) command can be used instead. For example, the command tzsetup will run an interactive program that allows the user to select a timezone from a list of regions and cities. Thecommand ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Paris /etc/localtime will create a symbolic link from the file /etc/localtime to the file /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Paris, which contains the timezone information for Paris, France . References:
• date(1) - FreeBSD
• cal(1) - FreeBSD
• ncal(1) - FreeBSD
• ntpd(8) - FreeBSD
• ntpdate(8) - FreeBSD
• [tzsetup(8) - FreeBSD]
• [ln(1) - FreeBSD]

The pw utility is a command-line utility for the FreeBSD system user and group files, allowing the superuser an easy way of adding, modifying and removing users and groups. To lock a user account on a FreeBSD system, the pw lock command can be used with the username as an argument. This will prevent the user from logging in orchanging their password. To unlock a user account, the pw unlock command can be used with the username as an argument. This will restore the user’s access to the system. References:

• FreeBSD locking an account - nixCraft
• FreeBSD: How To Add, Delete Or Modify Users
• How to: FreeBSD User Administration - Atlantic.Net