FCP_FWF_AD-7.4 Exam Dumps - FCP - Secure Wireless LAN 7.4 Administrator

Understanding the Requirement:The question asks how to find the upstream (client to AP) and downstream (AP to client) link rates for a wireless client connected to a FortiAP. This is often used to diagnose wireless client performance and link quality.

Option Analysis:

A. On the FortiGate GUI using the WiFi Client monitor

The WiFi Client monitor on the FortiGate GUI provides general info about connected clients such as IP address, MAC address, SSID, AP, and signal strength (RSSI/SNR), but it does not display the detailed link rates (upstream/downstream rates) for individual clients.

B. On the FortiAP CLI using the cw_diag ksta command

Correct.

The cw_diag ksta command is executed directly on the FortiAP’s CLI.

It shows detailed wireless client statistics, including both tx rate (downstream/AP to client) and rx rate (upstream/client to AP) for each connected client.

Example output:

FAP# cw_diag ksta

00:11:22:33:44:55 (vlan 0) RSSI:45 SNR:35 RX rate: 433Mbps TX rate: 144Mbps

These rates are the link rates negotiated between the client and the AP in both directions.

C. On the FortiGate CLI using the diagnose wireless-controller wlac -d sta command

This FortiGate CLI command provides some info about clients (e.g., connection state, signal), but does not directly show both upstream and downstream link rates.

D. On the FortiAP CLI using the cw_diag -d sea command

This command (cw_diag -d sea) is used for spectral analysis/debugging and does not provide per-client link rates.

Reference from Official Fortinet Documentation and Guides:

FortiOS Administration Guide (7.4):

The guide states that for detailed wireless client statistics, including negotiated rates, you must SSH into the FortiAP and run the cw_diag ksta command.

This provides a summary of all associated clients, their negotiated rates, and more.

Typical Workflow:

SSH into the FortiAP device.

Enter the command:

cw_diag ksta

Review the output. For each client, you will see RX and TX rates (these correspond to upstream and downstream link rates).

Why Not Other Options?

Only the FortiAP CLI with cw_diag ksta shows the negotiated link rates for each client in both directions.

The FortiGate GUI/CLI provides only summary info or signal statistics, not real-time link rates per client.

Summary:

To find the upstream and downstream link rates of a wireless client connected to a FortiAP, use the FortiAP CLI with the cw_diag ksta command.

Analysis of the Exhibits and Scenario:

The DHCP server configuration is correct for dynamic assignment within a specified IP range for the interface “WLAN01”.

The RADIUS configuration for user1 includes:

Tunnel-Type (should be set to VLAN, but value is missing)

Tunnel-Medium-Type (set to IEEE-802, which is correct for Ethernet/WiFi)

Tunnel-Private-Group-Id (set to “infrastructure” as a string)

The problem described: Dynamic VLAN assignment is not working for user1.

How Dynamic VLAN Assignment Works in 802.1X/EAP (with FortiGate/FortiAP):

When a user authenticates, the RADIUS server returns attributes specifying the VLAN that should be assigned.

The critical attributes are:

Tunnel-Type (must be set to value “VLAN”, which is integer 13)

Tunnel-Medium-Type (must be “IEEE-802”, integer 6)

Tunnel-Private-Group-Id (can be the VLAN name or VLAN ID, depending on your configuration)

Problem in the Exhibit:

The Tunnel-Type value is missing!

It must be set to 13 (for VLAN).

The Tunnel-Medium-Type and Tunnel-Private-Group-Id are correctly set.

Corrective Action:

Update user1’s RADIUS attributes so that Tunnel-Type is set to the correct value for VLAN (integer 13).

Without this, FortiGate/FortiAP will not know to interpret the returned VLAN name or ID for dynamic assignment.

Review of Options:

Disable the DHCP server on ONBOARD to allow VLAN assignment.

Irrelevant; DHCP server presence does not affect dynamic VLAN assignment.

Add user1 in one of the VLAN names

This is not how dynamic VLAN assignment works. The RADIUS response must include the correct VLAN assignment.

Update user1 RADIUS attributes to include a VLAN ID attribute ID

Correct. You must set Tunnel-Type (13) and possibly provide the VLAN ID in Tunnel-Private-Group-Id.

Create a new VLAN name infrastructure' with a VLAN ID associated with it

Not the root cause; you must first ensure the correct attributes are present in the RADIUS response.

Summary:

The missing “Tunnel-Type” attribute value is the reason dynamic VLAN assignment is not working. The correct configuration requires setting Tunnel-Type = 13 (VLAN) for user1 in the RADIUS server.

Exhibit Review:

The diagnostics panel for FortiAP FP231FTF2001 shows:

Tx bandwidth label: 150.54 Mbps (likely the negotiated or theoretical maximum).

Bandwidth graph (actual traffic): Transmit (Tx) bandwidth peaked at only ~3 Mbps over the last 5 minutes—far below the maximum.

Radio 1 (2.4 GHz) shows 10 interfering SSIDs and 40% channel utilization.

Radio 2 (5 GHz) is not the focus in the current graph.

Interpretation:

The significant difference between the potential (label) and actual (graph) throughput indicates that something is preventing the AP from delivering full speed.

This could be resource overload (e.g., too many clients, too much interference, CPU/memory constraints), leading to overall reduced throughput for all users.

The graph represents real-time/actual usage, not just the theoretical capability.

Option Breakdown:

A. Resources on FortiAP are overloaded which limits speed rates for all users

Correct. Overload (either due to too many clients, high interference, or hardware resources) is a logical reason why actual throughput is far below the possible maximum.

B. Label values are historical and provide average bandwidth

Incorrect. The label reflects the maximum link rate or negotiated data rate, not an average or historical usage value.

C. FortiAP is dual band and is transmitting data faster with a higher frequency band

Not supported by the evidence. The current data is for Radio 1 (2.4 GHz) and does not show high usage on either band.

D. Bandwidth is shared with other SSID signals broadcasting for nearby AP devices

While interference does share airtime, the drastic drop in throughput strongly suggests an overload or other limiting factor on this AP.

Summary:

The large gap between the expected maximum (label) and the actual throughput observed suggests that resource overload is the root cause of poor wireless speeds for all users.

Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS) in Fortinet’s Secure Wireless LAN (SWLAN) platform monitors for threats to the wireless environment and detects a range of attacks and misconfigurations.

The main threats detected by WIDS include:

Rogue access points: These are unauthorized APs plugged into the network, posing a security risk. WIDS scans and identifies any AP that is not part of the authorized network, flagging them as potential rogues.

Unauthorized wireless connections: WIDS can detect clients that connect to unauthorized or suspicious wireless networks, as well as unauthorized wireless devices attempting to connect to the network.

Analysis of Options:

A. Brute-force dictionary attacks:

WIDS does not specifically detect brute-force dictionary attacks against authentication. It focuses more on network topology threats and unauthorized devices.

B. Unauthorized wireless connection:

Correct. WIDS can detect unauthorized wireless connections, such as clients connecting to networks/APs that are not trusted.

C. Rogue access points:

Correct. Detecting rogue APs is a primary function of WIDS.

D. WPA2 authentication vulnerabilities:

WIDS does not specifically scan for cryptographic protocol vulnerabilities. It detects behavioral/network threats.

The logs show repeated client-association-failure events followed by RADIUS authentication failure messages for client

This means the station successfully associated at Layer 2 but failed at the RADIUS authentication step (802.1X/EAP), typically due to invalid credentials or a misconfiguration on the RADIUS server.

Eventually, the log shows a successful authentication, indicating the credentials or RADIUS issue was resolved on a later attempt.